PS & LPS
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is the major phospholipid class that makes up approximately 15% of the phospholipid concentration in the human cerebral cortex. In the plasma membrane, PS forms part of protein docking sites used for the activation of several signaling pathways including neuronal survival, neurite growth, and synaptogenesis. In the synapse, PS plays a vital role in exocytosis. PS influences Ca2+ dependent membrane fusion between vesicles and the target plasma membrane. Other roles of PS in the human cerebral cortex include modulation of the AMPA glutamate receptor, interactions with synapsin, and conformation alteration of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment have been linked to abnormal PS asymmetry in the synaptosomal membrane. Simply put, PS plays a critical role in keeping your mind and memory functioning at their best.
Lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) is an important lipid mediator. LPS has been shown to play a key role in acute inflammation and its resolution. LPS may act as a pro-resolving lipid mediator involved in the transition from an inflammatory environment to a restorative environment. LPS has the following functions: degranulation, calcium mobilization, enhanced efferocytosis, migration,and differentiation.
Kim HY, Huang BX, Spector AA. Phosphatidylserine in the brain: metabolism and function. Prog Lipid Res. 2014;56:1-18. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2014.06.002
Frasch SC, Bratton DL. Emerging roles for lysophosphatidylserine in resolution of inflammation. Prog Lipid Res. 2012;51(3):199-207. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2012.03.001
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