14:0 Lyso PG 858120 1-myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (sodium salt)

14:0 Lyso PG, with the chemical name 1-myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol), sodium salt, is a synthetic lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) containing a single myristoyl (C14:0) fatty acyl chain at the sn-1 position. The sn-2 position remains unacylated, leaving a free hydroxyl group that characterizes the molecule as a lysophospholipid. Structurally, lysophosphatidylglycerols come from phosphatidylglycerol (PG), a lipid found in pulmonary surfactant and a metabolic precursor to cardiolipin in mitochondrial membranes. Functionally, however, LPG species behave differently; their single-chain architecture introduces detergent-like properties and allows them to participate in lipid signaling pathways.

Applications

• Membrane protein solubilization and structural biology: Short- to medium-chain lysophospholipids, including 14:0 Lyso PG, act as mild amphiphiles that facilitate solubilization and stabilization of membrane proteins. They frequently serve in bicelle systems and crystallization workflows.
• Lysophospholipid signaling research: Lysophosphatidylglycerol reportedly interferes with FPRL1-mediated chemotaxis and reduces IL-1β production in human phagocytes, making it useful for studying GPCR-related lipid signaling pathways.
• Pulmonary surfactant and lung immunity studies: LPG species are metabolic products within the PG-rich surfactant layer of the lung and serve as reference lipids for surfactant composition analysis and lung innate immunity research.

Formulation & handling

Avanti Research™ provides 14:0 Lyso PG as a sodium salt. Account for the counterion when calculating net charge in lipid mixtures or biochemical assays. For experiments sensitive to isomer distribution, take note: up to 10% of the sn-2 acyl positional isomer may be present in this product.

14:0 Lyso PG readily absorbs moisture, so handle under dry, inert conditions and divide into aliquots when possible. Under recommended storage conditions of −20 °C, the product carries a one-year stability window.

Avanti Research™ supplies 14:0 Lyso PG at >99% purity, manufacturing under controlled conditions to support reproducible experimental results.

References

Kuronuma, K., Mitsuzawa, H., Takeda, K., Nishitani, C., Chan, E. D., Kuroki, Y., Nakamura, M., & Voelker, D. R. (2009). Anionic pulmonary surfactant phospholipids inhibit inflammatory responses from alveolar macrophages and U937 cells by binding the lipopolysaccharide-interacting proteins CD14 and MD-2. The Journal of biological chemistry, 284(38), 25488–25500. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.040832

Makide, K., Kitamura, H., Sato, Y., Okutani, M., & Aoki, J. (2009). Emerging lysophospholipid mediators, lysophosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylthreonine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylglycerol. Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators, 89(3-4), 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2009.04.009

Shim, J. W., Jo, S. H., Kim, S. D., Lee, H. Y., Yun, J., & Bae, Y. S. (2009). Lysophosphatidylglycerol inhibits formyl peptide receptor-like-1-stimulated chemotactic migration and IL-1beta production from human phagocytes. Experimental & molecular medicine, 41(8), 584–591. https://doi.org/10.3858/emm.2009.41.8.064

Ujwal, R., & Bowie, J. U. (2011). Crystallizing membrane proteins using lipidic bicelles. Methods (San Diego, Calif.), 55(4), 337–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2011.09.020